What concept refers to treating employees unfavorably due to their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?

Disparate treatment refers to a concept in employment law where an employee is treated unfavorably because of their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This form of discrimination occurs when an employer intentionally treats an employee differently based on these protected characteristics. For instance, if an employer makes decisions regarding hiring, promotion, or termination based distinctly on an individual's race or gender, this constitutes disparate treatment.

This concept is crucial in EEO training as it helps individuals recognize and address instances of direct discrimination that can occur within the workplace. Understanding disparate treatment allows employees and employers alike to foster a more equitable and fair working environment. By identifying and mitigating such practices, organizations can ensure compliance with EEO laws and create a culture of inclusivity.

Other options represent different discrimination-related concepts that can occur in the workplace but do not specifically refer to the unfavorable treatment based on the listed protected categories. For example, adverse impact relates to employment practices that disproportionately affect a protected group, regardless of intent; hostile work environment refers to situations where an employee feels uncomfortable or threatened due to harassment; and quid pro quo pertains to situations where employment benefits are conditioned on submitting to unwelcome advances.