What does the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) prohibit?

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) specifically prohibits discrimination in employment and health insurance based on genetic information. This includes information about a person's genetic tests, the genetic tests of family members, and information regarding any request for or receipt of genetic services. GINA is designed to protect individuals from being treated unfairly in job hiring, promotions, or insurance coverage based on their genetic predispositions or family histories, ensuring that advancements in genetic technology do not lead to discrimination.

The other options refer to other forms of discrimination not covered by GINA: age discrimination is addressed under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), gender discrimination falls under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, and discrimination based on sexual orientation is addressed in varying degrees under state laws and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) guidelines, but not specifically by GINA.