What is the definition of workplace discrimination?

The definition of workplace discrimination is best captured by the notion of treating an applicant or employee unfavorably due to a protected characteristic. This concept encompasses a range of behaviors and practices that may disadvantage individuals based on factors such as race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, or genetic information among others, as defined by various employment laws.

This definition is fundamental to understanding workplace rights and responsibilities, as it highlights that discrimination is not merely a matter of personal bias but a violation of the principles of fairness and equality that underpin labor laws. In essence, when an individual is treated poorly because of who they are or characteristics they possess, it constitutes a discriminatory act, making it a crucial element in EEO training and compliance.

In contrast, the other options describe behaviors that may be unethical or biased but do not fit the legal definition of discrimination. For instance, unequal pay for the same work typically reflects wage disparities that might not be directly tied to protected characteristics, while favoritism based on personal relationships points to a bias that does not necessarily involve protected categories. Promoting individuals solely based on seniority, although potentially unfair, does not constitute discrimination unless it disproportionately affects individuals protected under EEO laws.