Which act prohibits retaliation against employees for filing complaints about discrimination?

The Civil Rights Act of 1991 is significant in that it explicitly prohibits retaliation against employees who file complaints regarding discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This act was a response to Supreme Court decisions that had limited the rights of employees under previous laws, and it aimed to strengthen and improve existing civil rights protections. By encompassing anti-retaliation provisions, this legislation helps ensure that employees can safely report discrimination without fear of adverse consequences, thereby promoting a more equitable workplace.

While the other acts mentioned focus on various labor issues, they do not specifically address retaliation related to discrimination complaints. The Fair Labor Standards Act primarily deals with wage and hour laws, the Equal Employment Opportunity Act is more focused on outlining the responsibilities of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) rather than directly providing retaliation protections, and the Occupational Safety and Health Act focuses on safety and health standards in the workplace. Thus, the Civil Rights Act of 1991 stands out as the act that specifically tackles the issue of retaliation for discrimination complaints.